/* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

/*
 * protocol.c --- routines which directly communicate with the client.
 *
 * Code originally by Rob McCool; much redone by Robert S. Thau
 * and the Apache Software Foundation.
 */

#include "apr.h"
#include "apr_strings.h"
#include "apr_buckets.h"
#include "apr_lib.h"
#include "apr_signal.h"
#include "apr_strmatch.h"

#define APR_WANT_STDIO          /* for sscanf */
#define APR_WANT_STRFUNC
#define APR_WANT_MEMFUNC
#include "apr_want.h"

#include "util_filter.h"
#include "ap_config.h"
#include "httpd.h"
#include "http_config.h"
#include "http_core.h"
#include "http_protocol.h"
#include "http_main.h"
#include "http_request.h"
#include "http_vhost.h"
#include "http_log.h"           /* For errors detected in basic auth common
                                 * support code... */
#include "mod_core.h"
#include "util_charset.h"
#include "util_ebcdic.h"
#include "scoreboard.h"

#if APR_HAVE_STDARG_H
#include <stdarg.h>
#endif
#if APR_HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

/* we know core's module_index is 0 */
#undef APLOG_MODULE_INDEX
#define APLOG_MODULE_INDEX AP_CORE_MODULE_INDEX

APR_HOOK_STRUCT(
    APR_HOOK_LINK(pre_read_request)
    APR_HOOK_LINK(post_read_request)
    APR_HOOK_LINK(log_transaction)
    APR_HOOK_LINK(http_scheme)
    APR_HOOK_LINK(default_port)
    APR_HOOK_LINK(note_auth_failure)
)

AP_DECLARE_DATA ap_filter_rec_t *ap_old_write_func = NULL;


/* Patterns to match in ap_make_content_type() */
static const char *needcset[] = {
    "text/plain",
    "text/html",
    NULL
};
static const apr_strmatch_pattern **needcset_patterns;
static const apr_strmatch_pattern *charset_pattern;

AP_DECLARE(void) ap_setup_make_content_type(apr_pool_t *pool)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; needcset[i]; i++) {
        continue;
    }
    needcset_patterns = (const apr_strmatch_pattern **)
        apr_palloc(pool, (i + 1) * sizeof(apr_strmatch_pattern *));
    for (i = 0; needcset[i]; i++) {
        needcset_patterns[i] = apr_strmatch_precompile(pool, needcset[i], 0);
    }
    needcset_patterns[i] = NULL;
    charset_pattern = apr_strmatch_precompile(pool, "charset=", 0);
}

/*
 * Builds the content-type that should be sent to the client from the
 * content-type specified.  The following rules are followed:
 *    - if type is NULL or "", return NULL (do not set content-type).
 *    - if charset adding is disabled, stop processing and return type.
 *    - then, if there are no parameters on type, add the default charset
 *    - return type
 */
AP_DECLARE(const char *)ap_make_content_type(request_rec *r, const char *type)
{
    const apr_strmatch_pattern **pcset;
    core_dir_config *conf =
        (core_dir_config *)ap_get_core_module_config(r->per_dir_config);
    core_request_config *request_conf;
    apr_size_t type_len;

    if (!type || *type == '\0') {
        return NULL;
    }

    if (conf->add_default_charset != ADD_DEFAULT_CHARSET_ON) {
        return type;
    }

    request_conf = ap_get_core_module_config(r->request_config);
    if (request_conf->suppress_charset) {
        return type;
    }

    type_len = strlen(type);

    if (apr_strmatch(charset_pattern, type, type_len) != NULL) {
        /* already has parameter, do nothing */
        /* XXX we don't check the validity */
        ;
    }
    else {
        /* see if it makes sense to add the charset. At present,
         * we only add it if the Content-type is one of needcset[]
         */
        for (pcset = needcset_patterns; *pcset ; pcset++) {
            if (apr_strmatch(*pcset, type, type_len) != NULL) {
                struct iovec concat[3];
                concat[0].iov_base = (void *)type;
                concat[0].iov_len = type_len;
                concat[1].iov_base = (void *)"; charset=";
                concat[1].iov_len = sizeof("; charset=") - 1;
                concat[2].iov_base = (void *)(conf->add_default_charset_name);
                concat[2].iov_len = strlen(conf->add_default_charset_name);
                type = apr_pstrcatv(r->pool, concat, 3, NULL);
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    return type;
}

AP_DECLARE(void) ap_set_content_length(request_rec *r, apr_off_t clength)
{
    r->clength = clength;
    apr_table_setn(r->headers_out, "Content-Length",
                   apr_off_t_toa(r->pool, clength));
}

/*
 * Return the latest rational time from a request/mtime (modification time)
 * pair.  We return the mtime unless it's in the future, in which case we
 * return the current time.  We use the request time as a reference in order
 * to limit the number of calls to time().  We don't check for futurosity
 * unless the mtime is at least as new as the reference.
 */
AP_DECLARE(apr_time_t) ap_rationalize_mtime(request_rec *r, apr_time_t mtime)
{
    apr_time_t now;

    /* For all static responses, it's almost certain that the file was
     * last modified before the beginning of the request.  So there's
     * no reason to call time(NULL) again.  But if the response has been
     * created on demand, then it might be newer than the time the request
     * started.  In this event we really have to call time(NULL) again
     * so that we can give the clients the most accurate Last-Modified.  If we
     * were given a time in the future, we return the current time - the
     * Last-Modified can't be in the future.
     */
    now = (mtime < r->request_time) ? r->request_time : apr_time_now();
    return (mtime > now) ? now : mtime;
}

/* Get a line of protocol input, including any continuation lines
 * caused by MIME folding (or broken clients) if fold != 0, and place it
 * in the buffer s, of size n bytes, without the ending newline.
 *
 * If s is NULL, ap_rgetline_core will allocate necessary memory from r->pool.
 *
 * Returns APR_SUCCESS if there are no problems and sets *read to be
 * the full length of s.
 *
 * APR_ENOSPC is returned if there is not enough buffer space.
 * Other errors may be returned on other errors.
 *
 * The LF is *not* returned in the buffer.  Therefore, a *read of 0
 * indicates that an empty line was read.
 *
 * Notes: Because the buffer uses 1 char for NUL, the most we can return is
 *        (n - 1) actual characters.
 *
 *        If no LF is detected on the last line due to a dropped connection
 *        or a full buffer, that's considered an error.
 */
AP_DECLARE(apr_status_t) ap_rgetline_core(char **s, apr_size_t n,
                                          apr_size_t *read, request_rec *r,
                                          int fold, apr_bucket_brigade *bb)
{
    apr_status_t rv;
    apr_bucket *e;
    apr_size_t bytes_handled = 0, current_alloc = 0;
    char *pos, *last_char = *s;
    int do_alloc = (*s == NULL), saw_eos = 0;

    /*
     * Initialize last_char as otherwise a random value will be compared
     * against APR_ASCII_LF at the end of the loop if bb only contains
     * zero-length buckets.
     */
    if (last_char)
        *last_char = '\0';

    for (;;) {
        apr_brigade_cleanup(bb);
        rv = ap_get_brigade(r->input_filters, bb, AP_MODE_GETLINE,
                            APR_BLOCK_READ, 0);
        if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
            return rv;
        }

        /* Something horribly wrong happened.  Someone didn't block! */
        if (APR_BRIGADE_EMPTY(bb)) {
            return APR_EGENERAL;
        }

        for (e = APR_BRIGADE_FIRST(bb);
             e != APR_BRIGADE_SENTINEL(bb);
             e = APR_BUCKET_NEXT(e))
        {
            const char *str;
            apr_size_t len;

            /* If we see an EOS, don't bother doing anything more. */
            if (APR_BUCKET_IS_EOS(e)) {
                saw_eos = 1;
                break;
            }

            rv = apr_bucket_read(e, &str, &len, APR_BLOCK_READ);
            if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
                return rv;
            }

            if (len == 0) {
                /* no use attempting a zero-byte alloc (hurts when
                 * using --with-efence --enable-pool-debug) or
                 * doing any of the other logic either
                 */
                continue;
            }

            /* Would this overrun our buffer?  If so, we'll die. */
            if (n < bytes_handled + len) {
                *read = bytes_handled;
                if (*s) {
                    /* ensure this string is NUL terminated */
                    if (bytes_handled > 0) {
                        (*s)[bytes_handled-1] = '\0';
                    }
                    else {
                        (*s)[0] = '\0';
                    }
                }
                return APR_ENOSPC;
            }

            /* Do we have to handle the allocation ourselves? */
            if (do_alloc) {
                /* We'll assume the common case where one bucket is enough. */
                if (!*s) {
                    current_alloc = len;
                    *s = apr_palloc(r->pool, current_alloc);
                }
                else if (bytes_handled + len > current_alloc) {
                    /* Increase the buffer size */
                    apr_size_t new_size = current_alloc * 2;
                    char *new_buffer;

                    if (bytes_handled + len > new_size) {
                        new_size = (bytes_handled + len) * 2;
                    }

                    new_buffer = apr_palloc(r->pool, new_size);

                    /* Copy what we already had. */
                    memcpy(new_buffer, *s, bytes_handled);
                    current_alloc = new_size;
                    *s = new_buffer;
                }
            }

            /* Just copy the rest of the data to the end of the old buffer. */
            pos = *s + bytes_handled;
            memcpy(pos, str, len);
            last_char = pos + len - 1;

            /* We've now processed that new data - update accordingly. */
            bytes_handled += len;
        }

        /* If we got a full line of input, stop reading */
        if (last_char && (*last_char == APR_ASCII_LF)) {
            break;
        }
    }

    /* Now NUL-terminate the string at the end of the line;
     * if the last-but-one character is a CR, terminate there */
    if (last_char > *s && last_char[-1] == APR_ASCII_CR) {
        last_char--;
    }
    *last_char = '\0';
    bytes_handled = last_char - *s;

    /* If we're folding, we have more work to do.
     *
     * Note that if an EOS was seen, we know we can't have another line.
     */
    if (fold && bytes_handled && !saw_eos) {
        for (;;) {
            const char *str;
            apr_size_t len;
            char c;

            /* Clear the temp brigade for this filter read. */
            apr_brigade_cleanup(bb);

            /* We only care about the first byte. */
            rv = ap_get_brigade(r->input_filters, bb, AP_MODE_SPECULATIVE,
                                APR_BLOCK_READ, 1);
            if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
                return rv;
            }

            if (APR_BRIGADE_EMPTY(bb)) {
                break;
            }

            e = APR_BRIGADE_FIRST(bb);

            /* If we see an EOS, don't bother doing anything more. */
            if (APR_BUCKET_IS_EOS(e)) {
                break;
            }

            rv = apr_bucket_read(e, &str, &len, APR_BLOCK_READ);
            if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
                apr_brigade_cleanup(bb);
                return rv;
            }

            /* Found one, so call ourselves again to get the next line.
             *
             * FIXME: If the folding line is completely blank, should we
             * stop folding?  Does that require also looking at the next
             * char?
             */
            /* When we call destroy, the buckets are deleted, so save that
             * one character we need.  This simplifies our execution paths
             * at the cost of one character read.
             */
            c = *str;
            if (c == APR_ASCII_BLANK || c == APR_ASCII_TAB) {
                /* Do we have enough space? We may be full now. */
                if (bytes_handled >= n) {
                    *read = n;
                    /* ensure this string is terminated */
                    (*s)[n-1] = '\0';
                    return APR_ENOSPC;
                }
                else {
                    apr_size_t next_size, next_len;
                    char *tmp;

                    /* If we're doing the allocations for them, we have to
                     * give ourselves a NULL and copy it on return.
                     */
                    if (do_alloc) {
                        tmp = NULL;
                    } else {
                        /* We're null terminated. */
                        tmp = last_char;
                    }

                    next_size = n - bytes_handled;

                    rv = ap_rgetline_core(&tmp, next_size,
                                          &next_len, r, 0, bb);
                    if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
                        return rv;
                    }

                    if (do_alloc && next_len > 0) {
                        char *new_buffer;
                        apr_size_t new_size = bytes_handled + next_len + 1;

                        /* we need to alloc an extra byte for a null */
                        new_buffer = apr_palloc(r->pool, new_size);

                        /* Copy what we already had. */
                        memcpy(new_buffer, *s, bytes_handled);

                        /* copy the new line, including the trailing null */
                        memcpy(new_buffer + bytes_handled, tmp, next_len + 1);
                        *s = new_buffer;
                    }

                    last_char += next_len;
                    bytes_handled += next_len;
                }
            }
            else { /* next character is not tab or space */
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    *read = bytes_handled;

    /* PR#43039: We shouldn't accept NULL bytes within the line */
    if (strlen(*s) < bytes_handled) {
        return APR_EINVAL;
    }

    return APR_SUCCESS;
}

#if APR_CHARSET_EBCDIC
AP_DECLARE(apr_status_t) ap_rgetline(char **s, apr_size_t n,
                                     apr_size_t *read, request_rec *r,
                                     int fold, apr_bucket_brigade *bb)
{
    /* on ASCII boxes, ap_rgetline is a macro which simply invokes
     * ap_rgetline_core with the same parms
     *
     * on EBCDIC boxes, each complete http protocol input line needs to be
     * translated into the code page used by the compiler.  Since
     * ap_rgetline_core uses recursion, we do the translation in a wrapper
     * function to ensure that each input character gets translated only once.
     */
    apr_status_t rv;

    rv = ap_rgetline_core(s, n, read, r, fold, bb);
    if (rv == APR_SUCCESS) {
        ap_xlate_proto_from_ascii(*s, *read);
    }
    return rv;
}
#endif

AP_DECLARE(int) ap_getline(char *s, int n, request_rec *r, int fold)
{
    char *tmp_s = s;
    apr_status_t rv;
    apr_size_t len;
    apr_bucket_brigade *tmp_bb;

    tmp_bb = apr_brigade_create(r->pool, r->connection->bucket_alloc);
    rv = ap_rgetline(&tmp_s, n, &len, r, fold, tmp_bb);
    apr_brigade_destroy(tmp_bb);

    /* Map the out-of-space condition to the old API. */
    if (rv == APR_ENOSPC) {
        return n;
    }

    /* Anything else is just bad. */
    if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
        return -1;
    }

    return (int)len;
}

/* parse_uri: break apart the uri
 * Side Effects:
 * - sets r->args to rest after '?' (or NULL if no '?')
 * - sets r->uri to request uri (without r->args part)
 * - sets r->hostname (if not set already) from request (scheme://host:port)
 */
AP_CORE_DECLARE(void) ap_parse_uri(request_rec *r, const char *uri)
{
    int status = HTTP_OK;

    r->unparsed_uri = apr_pstrdup(r->pool, uri);

    /* http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31875
     * http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=28450
     *
     * This is not in fact a URI, it's a path.  That matters in the
     * case of a leading double-slash.  We need to resolve the issue
     * by normalising that out before treating it as a URI.
     */
    while ((uri[0] == '/') && (uri[1] == '/')) {
        ++uri ;
    }
    if (r->method_number == M_CONNECT) {
        status = apr_uri_parse_hostinfo(r->pool, uri, &r->parsed_uri);
    }
    else {
        status = apr_uri_parse(r->pool, uri, &r->parsed_uri);
    }

    if (status == APR_SUCCESS) {
        /* if it has a scheme we may need to do absoluteURI vhost stuff */
        if (r->parsed_uri.scheme
            && !strcasecmp(r->parsed_uri.scheme, ap_http_scheme(r))) {
            r->hostname = r->parsed_uri.hostname;
        }
        else if (r->method_number == M_CONNECT) {
            r->hostname = r->parsed_uri.hostname;
        }

        r->args = r->parsed_uri.query;
        r->uri = r->parsed_uri.path ? r->parsed_uri.path
                 : apr_pstrdup(r->pool, "/");

#if defined(OS2) || defined(WIN32)
        /* Handle path translations for OS/2 and plug security hole.
         * This will prevent "http://www.wherever.com/..\..\/" from
         * returning a directory for the root drive.
         */
        {
            char *x;

            for (x = r->uri; (x = strchr(x, '\\')) != NULL; )
                *x = '/';
        }
#endif /* OS2 || WIN32 */
    }
    else {
        r->args = NULL;
        r->hostname = NULL;
        r->status = HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;             /* set error status */
        r->uri = apr_pstrdup(r->pool, uri);
    }
}

static int read_request_line(request_rec *r, apr_bucket_brigade *bb)
{
    const char *ll;
    const char *uri;
    const char *pro;

    unsigned int major = 1, minor = 0;   /* Assume HTTP/1.0 if non-"HTTP" protocol */
    char http[5];
    apr_size_t len;
    int num_blank_lines = 0;
    int max_blank_lines = r->server->limit_req_fields;

    if (max_blank_lines <= 0) {
        max_blank_lines = DEFAULT_LIMIT_REQUEST_FIELDS;
    }

    /* Read past empty lines until we get a real request line,
     * a read error, the connection closes (EOF), or we timeout.
     *
     * We skip empty lines because browsers have to tack a CRLF on to the end
     * of POSTs to support old CERN webservers.  But note that we may not
     * have flushed any previous response completely to the client yet.
     * We delay the flush as long as possible so that we can improve
     * performance for clients that are pipelining requests.  If a request
     * is pipelined then we won't block during the (implicit) read() below.
     * If the requests aren't pipelined, then the client is still waiting
     * for the final buffer flush from us, and we will block in the implicit
     * read().  B_SAFEREAD ensures that the BUFF layer flushes if it will
     * have to block during a read.
     */

    do {
        apr_status_t rv;

        /* ensure ap_rgetline allocates memory each time thru the loop
         * if there are empty lines
         */
        r->the_request = NULL;
        rv = ap_rgetline(&(r->the_request), (apr_size_t)(r->server->limit_req_line + 2),
                         &len, r, 0, bb);

        if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
            r->request_time = apr_time_now();

            /* ap_rgetline returns APR_ENOSPC if it fills up the
             * buffer before finding the end-of-line.  This is only going to
             * happen if it exceeds the configured limit for a request-line.
             */
            if (APR_STATUS_IS_ENOSPC(rv)) {
                r->status    = HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE;
            }
            else if (APR_STATUS_IS_TIMEUP(rv)) {
                r->status = HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT;
            }
            else if (APR_STATUS_IS_EINVAL(rv)) {
                r->status = HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;
            }
            r->proto_num = HTTP_VERSION(1,0);
            r->protocol  = apr_pstrdup(r->pool, "HTTP/1.0");
            return 0;
        }
    } while ((len <= 0) && (++num_blank_lines < max_blank_lines));

    if (APLOGrtrace5(r)) {
        ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_TRACE5, 0, r,
                      "Request received from client: %s",
                      ap_escape_logitem(r->pool, r->the_request));
    }

    r->request_time = apr_time_now();
    ll = r->the_request;
    r->method = ap_getword_white(r->pool, &ll);

    uri = ap_getword_white(r->pool, &ll);

    /* Provide quick information about the request method as soon as known */

    r->method_number = ap_method_number_of(r->method);
    if (r->method_number == M_GET && r->method[0] == 'H') {
        r->header_only = 1;
    }

    ap_parse_uri(r, uri);

    if (ll[0]) {
        r->assbackwards = 0;
        pro = ll;
        len = strlen(ll);
    } else {
        r->assbackwards = 1;
        pro = "HTTP/0.9";
        len = 8;
    }
    r->protocol = apr_pstrmemdup(r->pool, pro, len);

    /* Avoid sscanf in the common case */
    if (len == 8
        && pro[0] == 'H' && pro[1] == 'T' && pro[2] == 'T' && pro[3] == 'P'
        && pro[4] == '/' && apr_isdigit(pro[5]) && pro[6] == '.'
        && apr_isdigit(pro[7])) {
        r->proto_num = HTTP_VERSION(pro[5] - '0', pro[7] - '0');
    }
    else if (3 == sscanf(r->protocol, "%4s/%u.%u", http, &major, &minor)
             && (strcasecmp("http", http) == 0)
             && (minor < HTTP_VERSION(1, 0)) ) /* don't allow HTTP/0.1000 */
        r->proto_num = HTTP_VERSION(major, minor);
    else
        r->proto_num = HTTP_VERSION(1, 0);

    return 1;
}

static int table_do_fn_check_lengths(void *r_, const char *key,
                                     const char *value)
{
    request_rec *r = r_;
    if (value == NULL || r->server->limit_req_fieldsize >= strlen(value) )
        return 1;

    r->status = HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;
    apr_table_setn(r->notes, "error-notes",
                   apr_pstrcat(r->pool, "Size of a request header field "
                               "after merging exceeds server limit.<br />"
                               "\n<pre>\n",
                               ap_escape_html(r->pool, key),
                               "</pre>\n", NULL));
    ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00560) "Request header "
                  "exceeds LimitRequestFieldSize after merging: %s", key);
    return 0;
}

/* get the length of the field name for logging, but no more than 80 bytes */
#define LOG_NAME_MAX_LEN 80
static int field_name_len(const char *field)
{
    const char *end = ap_strchr_c(field, ':');
    if (end == NULL || end - field > LOG_NAME_MAX_LEN)
        return LOG_NAME_MAX_LEN;
    return end - field;
}

AP_DECLARE(void) ap_get_mime_headers_core(request_rec *r, apr_bucket_brigade *bb)
{
    char *last_field = NULL;
    apr_size_t last_len = 0;
    apr_size_t alloc_len = 0;
    char *field;
    char *value;
    apr_size_t len;
    int fields_read = 0;
    char *tmp_field;

    /*
     * Read header lines until we get the empty separator line, a read error,
     * the connection closes (EOF), reach the server limit, or we timeout.
     */
    while(1) {
        apr_status_t rv;
        int folded = 0;

        field = NULL;
        rv = ap_rgetline(&field, r->server->limit_req_fieldsize + 2,
                         &len, r, 0, bb);

        if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
            if (APR_STATUS_IS_TIMEUP(rv)) {
                r->status = HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT;
            }
            else {
                ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_DEBUG, rv, r, 
                              "Failed to read request header line %s", field);
                r->status = HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;
            }

            /* ap_rgetline returns APR_ENOSPC if it fills up the buffer before
             * finding the end-of-line.  This is only going to happen if it
             * exceeds the configured limit for a field size.
             */
            if (rv == APR_ENOSPC) {
                const char *field_escaped;
                if (field && len) {
                    /* ensure ap_escape_html will terminate correctly */
                    field[len - 1] = '\0';
                    field_escaped = ap_escape_html(r->pool, field);
                }
                else {
                    field_escaped = field = "";
                }

                apr_table_setn(r->notes, "error-notes",
                               apr_psprintf(r->pool,
                                           "Size of a request header field "
                                           "exceeds server limit.<br />\n"
                                           "<pre>\n%.*s\n</pre>\n", 
                                           field_name_len(field_escaped),
                                           field_escaped));
                ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00561)
                              "Request header exceeds LimitRequestFieldSize%s"
                              "%.*s",
                              *field ? ": " : "",
                              field_name_len(field), field);
            }
            return;
        }

        if (last_field != NULL) {
            if ((len > 0) && ((*field == '\t') || *field == ' ')) {
                /* This line is a continuation of the preceding line(s),
                 * so append it to the line that we've set aside.
                 * Note: this uses a power-of-two allocator to avoid
                 * doing O(n) allocs and using O(n^2) space for
                 * continuations that span many many lines.
                 */
                apr_size_t fold_len = last_len + len + 1; /* trailing null */

                if (fold_len >= (apr_size_t)(r->server->limit_req_fieldsize)) {
                    const char *field_escaped;

                    r->status = HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;
                    /* report what we have accumulated so far before the
                     * overflow (last_field) as the field with the problem
                     */
                    field_escaped = ap_escape_html(r->pool, last_field);
                    apr_table_setn(r->notes, "error-notes",
                                   apr_psprintf(r->pool,
                                               "Size of a request header field "
                                               "after folding "
                                               "exceeds server limit.<br />\n"
                                               "<pre>\n%.*s\n</pre>\n", 
                                               field_name_len(field_escaped), 
                                               field_escaped));
                    ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00562)
                                  "Request header exceeds LimitRequestFieldSize "
                                  "after folding: %.*s",
                                  field_name_len(last_field), last_field);
                    return;
                }

                if (fold_len > alloc_len) {
                    char *fold_buf;
                    alloc_len += alloc_len;
                    if (fold_len > alloc_len) {
                        alloc_len = fold_len;
                    }
                    fold_buf = (char *)apr_palloc(r->pool, alloc_len);
                    memcpy(fold_buf, last_field, last_len);
                    last_field = fold_buf;
                }
                memcpy(last_field + last_len, field, len +1); /* +1 for nul */
                last_len += len;
                folded = 1;
            }
            else /* not a continuation line */ {

                if (r->server->limit_req_fields
                    && (++fields_read > r->server->limit_req_fields)) {
                    r->status = HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;
                    apr_table_setn(r->notes, "error-notes",
                                   "The number of request header fields "
                                   "exceeds this server's limit.");
                    ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00563)
                                  "Number of request headers exceeds "
                                  "LimitRequestFields");
                    return;
                }

                if (!(value = strchr(last_field, ':'))) { /* Find ':' or    */
                    r->status = HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;      /* abort bad request */
                    apr_table_setn(r->notes, "error-notes",
                                   apr_psprintf(r->pool,
                                               "Request header field is "
                                               "missing ':' separator.<br />\n"
                                               "<pre>\n%.*s</pre>\n", 
                                               (int)LOG_NAME_MAX_LEN,
                                               ap_escape_html(r->pool,
                                                              last_field)));
                    ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00564)
                                  "Request header field is missing ':' "
                                  "separator: %.*s", (int)LOG_NAME_MAX_LEN,
                                  last_field);
                    return;
                }

                tmp_field = value - 1; /* last character of field-name */

                *value++ = '\0'; /* NUL-terminate at colon */

                while (*value == ' ' || *value == '\t') {
                    ++value;            /* Skip to start of value   */
                }

                /* Strip LWS after field-name: */
                while (tmp_field > last_field
                       && (*tmp_field == ' ' || *tmp_field == '\t')) {
                    *tmp_field-- = '\0';
                }

                /* Strip LWS after field-value: */
                tmp_field = last_field + last_len - 1;
                while (tmp_field > value
                       && (*tmp_field == ' ' || *tmp_field == '\t')) {
                    *tmp_field-- = '\0';
                }

                apr_table_addn(r->headers_in, last_field, value);

                /* reset the alloc_len so that we'll allocate a new
                 * buffer if we have to do any more folding: we can't
                 * use the previous buffer because its contents are
                 * now part of r->headers_in
                 */
                alloc_len = 0;

            } /* end if current line is not a continuation starting with tab */
        }

        /* Found a blank line, stop. */
        if (len == 0) {
            break;
        }

        /* Keep track of this line so that we can parse it on
         * the next loop iteration.  (In the folded case, last_field
         * has been updated already.)
         */
        if (!folded) {
            last_field = field;
            last_len = len;
        }
    }

    /* Combine multiple message-header fields with the same
     * field-name, following RFC 2616, 4.2.
     */
    apr_table_compress(r->headers_in, APR_OVERLAP_TABLES_MERGE);

    /* enforce LimitRequestFieldSize for merged headers */
    apr_table_do(table_do_fn_check_lengths, r, r->headers_in, NULL);
}

AP_DECLARE(void) ap_get_mime_headers(request_rec *r)
{
    apr_bucket_brigade *tmp_bb;
    tmp_bb = apr_brigade_create(r->pool, r->connection->bucket_alloc);
    ap_get_mime_headers_core(r, tmp_bb);
    apr_brigade_destroy(tmp_bb);
}

request_rec *ap_read_request(conn_rec *conn)
{
    request_rec *r;
    apr_pool_t *p;
    const char *expect;
    int access_status = HTTP_OK;
    apr_bucket_brigade *tmp_bb;
    apr_socket_t *csd;
    apr_interval_time_t cur_timeout;


    apr_pool_create(&p, conn->pool);
    apr_pool_tag(p, "request");
    r = apr_pcalloc(p, sizeof(request_rec));
    AP_READ_REQUEST_ENTRY((intptr_t)r, (uintptr_t)conn);
    r->pool            = p;
    r->connection      = conn;
    r->server          = conn->base_server;

    r->user            = NULL;
    r->ap_auth_type    = NULL;

    r->allowed_methods = ap_make_method_list(p, 2);

    r->headers_in      = apr_table_make(r->pool, 25);
    r->trailers_in     = apr_table_make(r->pool, 5);
    r->subprocess_env  = apr_table_make(r->pool, 25);
    r->headers_out     = apr_table_make(r->pool, 12);
    r->err_headers_out = apr_table_make(r->pool, 5);
    r->trailers_out    = apr_table_make(r->pool, 5);
    r->notes           = apr_table_make(r->pool, 5);

    r->request_config  = ap_create_request_config(r->pool);
    /* Must be set before we run create request hook */

    r->proto_output_filters = conn->output_filters;
    r->output_filters  = r->proto_output_filters;
    r->proto_input_filters = conn->input_filters;
    r->input_filters   = r->proto_input_filters;
    ap_run_create_request(r);
    r->per_dir_config  = r->server->lookup_defaults;

    r->sent_bodyct     = 0;                      /* bytect isn't for body */

    r->read_length     = 0;
    r->read_body       = REQUEST_NO_BODY;

    r->status          = HTTP_OK;  /* Until further notice */
    r->the_request     = NULL;

    /* Begin by presuming any module can make its own path_info assumptions,
     * until some module interjects and changes the value.
     */
    r->used_path_info = AP_REQ_DEFAULT_PATH_INFO;

    r->useragent_addr = conn->client_addr;
    r->useragent_ip = conn->client_ip;

    tmp_bb = apr_brigade_create(r->pool, r->connection->bucket_alloc);

    ap_run_pre_read_request(r, conn);

    /* Get the request... */
    if (!read_request_line(r, tmp_bb)) {
        if (r->status == HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE
            || r->status == HTTP_BAD_REQUEST) {
            if (r->status == HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE) {
                ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00565)
                              "request failed: client's request-line exceeds LimitRequestLine (longer than %d)",
                              r->server->limit_req_line);
            }
            else if (r->method == NULL) {
                ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00566)
                              "request failed: invalid characters in URI");
            }
            access_status = r->status;
            r->status = HTTP_OK;
            ap_die(access_status, r);
            ap_update_child_status(conn->sbh, SERVER_BUSY_LOG, r);
            ap_run_log_transaction(r);
            r = NULL;
            apr_brigade_destroy(tmp_bb);
            goto traceout;
        }
        else if (r->status == HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT) {
            ap_update_child_status(conn->sbh, SERVER_BUSY_LOG, r);
            if (!r->connection->keepalives) {
                ap_run_log_transaction(r);
            }
            apr_brigade_destroy(tmp_bb);
            goto traceout;
        }

        apr_brigade_destroy(tmp_bb);
        r = NULL;
        goto traceout;
    }

    /* We may have been in keep_alive_timeout mode, so toggle back
     * to the normal timeout mode as we fetch the header lines,
     * as necessary.
     */
    csd = ap_get_conn_socket(conn);
    apr_socket_timeout_get(csd, &cur_timeout);
    if (cur_timeout != conn->base_server->timeout) {
        apr_socket_timeout_set(csd, conn->base_server->timeout);
        cur_timeout = conn->base_server->timeout;
    }

    if (!r->assbackwards) {
        const char *tenc;

        ap_get_mime_headers_core(r, tmp_bb);
        if (r->status != HTTP_OK) {
            ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00567)
                          "request failed: error reading the headers");
            ap_send_error_response(r, 0);
            ap_update_child_status(conn->sbh, SERVER_BUSY_LOG, r);
            ap_run_log_transaction(r);
            apr_brigade_destroy(tmp_bb);
            goto traceout;
        }

        tenc = apr_table_get(r->headers_in, "Transfer-Encoding");
        if (tenc) {
            /* http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging-23
             * Section 3.3.3.3: "If a Transfer-Encoding header field is
             * present in a request and the chunked transfer coding is not
             * the final encoding ...; the server MUST respond with the 400
             * (Bad Request) status code and then close the connection".
             */
            if (!(strcasecmp(tenc, "chunked") == 0 /* fast path */
                    || ap_find_last_token(r->pool, tenc, "chunked"))) {
                ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(02539)
                              "client sent unknown Transfer-Encoding "
                              "(%s): %s", tenc, r->uri);
                r->status = HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;
                conn->keepalive = AP_CONN_CLOSE;
                ap_send_error_response(r, 0);
                ap_update_child_status(conn->sbh, SERVER_BUSY_LOG, r);
                ap_run_log_transaction(r);
                apr_brigade_destroy(tmp_bb);
                goto traceout;
            }

            /* http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging-23
             * Section 3.3.3.3: "If a message is received with both a
             * Transfer-Encoding and a Content-Length header field, the
             * Transfer-Encoding overrides the Content-Length. ... A sender
             * MUST remove the received Content-Length field".
             */
            apr_table_unset(r->headers_in, "Content-Length");
        }
    }
    else {
        if (r->header_only) {
            /*
             * Client asked for headers only with HTTP/0.9, which doesn't send
             * headers! Have to dink things just to make sure the error message
             * comes through...
             */
            ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00568)
                          "client sent invalid HTTP/0.9 request: HEAD %s",
                          r->uri);
            r->header_only = 0;
            r->status = HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;
            ap_send_error_response(r, 0);
            ap_update_child_status(conn->sbh, SERVER_BUSY_LOG, r);
            ap_run_log_transaction(r);
            apr_brigade_destroy(tmp_bb);
            goto traceout;
        }
    }

    apr_brigade_destroy(tmp_bb);

    /* update what we think the virtual host is based on the headers we've
     * now read. may update status.
     */
    ap_update_vhost_from_headers(r);

    /* Toggle to the Host:-based vhost's timeout mode to fetch the
     * request body and send the response body, if needed.
     */
    if (cur_timeout != r->server->timeout) {
        apr_socket_timeout_set(csd, r->server->timeout);
        cur_timeout = r->server->timeout;
    }

    /* we may have switched to another server */
    r->per_dir_config = r->server->lookup_defaults;

    if ((!r->hostname && (r->proto_num >= HTTP_VERSION(1, 1)))
        || ((r->proto_num == HTTP_VERSION(1, 1))
            && !apr_table_get(r->headers_in, "Host"))) {
        /*
         * Client sent us an HTTP/1.1 or later request without telling us the
         * hostname, either with a full URL or a Host: header. We therefore
         * need to (as per the 1.1 spec) send an error.  As a special case,
         * HTTP/1.1 mentions twice (S9, S14.23) that a request MUST contain
         * a Host: header, and the server MUST respond with 400 if it doesn't.
         */
        access_status = HTTP_BAD_REQUEST;
        ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00569)
                      "client sent HTTP/1.1 request without hostname "
                      "(see RFC2616 section 14.23): %s", r->uri);
    }

    /*
     * Add the HTTP_IN filter here to ensure that ap_discard_request_body
     * called by ap_die and by ap_send_error_response works correctly on
     * status codes that do not cause the connection to be dropped and
     * in situations where the connection should be kept alive.
     */

    ap_add_input_filter_handle(ap_http_input_filter_handle,
                               NULL, r, r->connection);

    if (access_status != HTTP_OK
        || (access_status = ap_run_post_read_request(r))) {
        ap_die(access_status, r);
        ap_update_child_status(conn->sbh, SERVER_BUSY_LOG, r);
        ap_run_log_transaction(r);
        r = NULL;
        goto traceout;
    }

    if (((expect = apr_table_get(r->headers_in, "Expect")) != NULL)
        && (expect[0] != '\0')) {
        /*
         * The Expect header field was added to HTTP/1.1 after RFC 2068
         * as a means to signal when a 100 response is desired and,
         * unfortunately, to signal a poor man's mandatory extension that
         * the server must understand or return 417 Expectation Failed.
         */
        if (strcasecmp(expect, "100-continue") == 0) {
            r->expecting_100 = 1;
        }
        else {
            r->status = HTTP_EXPECTATION_FAILED;
            ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00570)
                          "client sent an unrecognized expectation value of "
                          "Expect: %s", expect);
            ap_send_error_response(r, 0);
            ap_update_child_status(conn->sbh, SERVER_BUSY_LOG, r);
            ap_run_log_transaction(r);
            goto traceout;
        }
    }

    AP_READ_REQUEST_SUCCESS((uintptr_t)r, (char *)r->method, (char *)r->uri, (char *)r->server->defn_name, r->status);
    return r;
    traceout:
    AP_READ_REQUEST_FAILURE((uintptr_t)r);
    return r;
}

/* if a request with a body creates a subrequest, remove original request's
 * input headers which pertain to the body which has already been read.
 * out-of-line helper function for ap_set_sub_req_protocol.
 */

static void strip_headers_request_body(request_rec *rnew)
{
    apr_table_unset(rnew->headers_in, "Content-Encoding");
    apr_table_unset(rnew->headers_in, "Content-Language");
    apr_table_unset(rnew->headers_in, "Content-Length");
    apr_table_unset(rnew->headers_in, "Content-Location");
    apr_table_unset(rnew->headers_in, "Content-MD5");
    apr_table_unset(rnew->headers_in, "Content-Range");
    apr_table_unset(rnew->headers_in, "Content-Type");
    apr_table_unset(rnew->headers_in, "Expires");
    apr_table_unset(rnew->headers_in, "Last-Modified");
    apr_table_unset(rnew->headers_in, "Transfer-Encoding");
}

/*
 * A couple of other functions which initialize some of the fields of
 * a request structure, as appropriate for adjuncts of one kind or another
 * to a request in progress.  Best here, rather than elsewhere, since
 * *someone* has to set the protocol-specific fields...
 */

AP_DECLARE(void) ap_set_sub_req_protocol(request_rec *rnew,
                                         const request_rec *r)
{
    rnew->the_request     = r->the_request;  /* Keep original request-line */

    rnew->assbackwards    = 1;   /* Don't send headers from this. */
    rnew->no_local_copy   = 1;   /* Don't try to send HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED for a
                                  * fragment. */
    rnew->method          = "GET";
    rnew->method_number   = M_GET;
    rnew->protocol        = "INCLUDED";

    rnew->status          = HTTP_OK;

    rnew->headers_in      = apr_table_copy(rnew->pool, r->headers_in);
    rnew->trailers_in     = apr_table_copy(rnew->pool, r->trailers_in);

    /* did the original request have a body?  (e.g. POST w/SSI tags)
     * if so, make sure the subrequest doesn't inherit body headers
     */
    if (!r->kept_body && (apr_table_get(r->headers_in, "Content-Length")
        || apr_table_get(r->headers_in, "Transfer-Encoding"))) {
        strip_headers_request_body(rnew);
    }
    rnew->subprocess_env  = apr_table_copy(rnew->pool, r->subprocess_env);
    rnew->headers_out     = apr_table_make(rnew->pool, 5);
    rnew->err_headers_out = apr_table_make(rnew->pool, 5);
    rnew->trailers_out    = apr_table_make(rnew->pool, 5);
    rnew->notes           = apr_table_make(rnew->pool, 5);

    rnew->expecting_100   = r->expecting_100;
    rnew->read_length     = r->read_length;
    rnew->read_body       = REQUEST_NO_BODY;

    rnew->main = (request_rec *) r;
}

static void end_output_stream(request_rec *r)
{
    conn_rec *c = r->connection;
    apr_bucket_brigade *bb;
    apr_bucket *b;

    bb = apr_brigade_create(r->pool, c->bucket_alloc);
    b = apr_bucket_eos_create(c->bucket_alloc);
    APR_BRIGADE_INSERT_TAIL(bb, b);
    ap_pass_brigade(r->output_filters, bb);
}

AP_DECLARE(void) ap_finalize_sub_req_protocol(request_rec *sub)
{
    /* tell the filter chain there is no more content coming */
    if (!sub->eos_sent) {
        end_output_stream(sub);
    }
}

/* finalize_request_protocol is called at completion of sending the
 * response.  Its sole purpose is to send the terminating protocol
 * information for any wrappers around the response message body
 * (i.e., transfer encodings).  It should have been named finalize_response.
 */
AP_DECLARE(void) ap_finalize_request_protocol(request_rec *r)
{
    (void) ap_discard_request_body(r);

    /* tell the filter chain there is no more content coming */
    if (!r->eos_sent) {
        end_output_stream(r);
    }
}

/*
 * Support for the Basic authentication protocol, and a bit for Digest.
 */
AP_DECLARE(void) ap_note_auth_failure(request_rec *r)
{
    const char *type = ap_auth_type(r);
    if (type) {
        ap_run_note_auth_failure(r, type);
    }
    else {
        ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_ERR, 0, r, APLOGNO(00571)
                      "need AuthType to note auth failure: %s", r->uri);
    }
}

AP_DECLARE(void) ap_note_basic_auth_failure(request_rec *r)
{
    ap_note_auth_failure(r);
}

AP_DECLARE(void) ap_note_digest_auth_failure(request_rec *r)
{
    ap_note_auth_failure(r);
}

AP_DECLARE(int) ap_get_basic_auth_pw(request_rec *r, const char **pw)
{
    const char *auth_line = apr_table_get(r->headers_in,
                                          (PROXYREQ_PROXY == r->proxyreq)
                                              ? "Proxy-Authorization"
                                              : "Authorization");
    const char *t;

    if (!(t = ap_auth_type(r)) || strcasecmp(t, "Basic"))
        return DECLINED;

    if (!ap_auth_name(r)) {
        ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_ERR, 0, r, APLOGNO(00572) 
                      "need AuthName: %s", r->uri);
        return HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
    }

    if (!auth_line) {
        ap_note_auth_failure(r);
        return HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED;
    }

    if (strcasecmp(ap_getword(r->pool, &auth_line, ' '), "Basic")) {
        /* Client tried to authenticate using wrong auth scheme */
        ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_INFO, 0, r, APLOGNO(00573)
                      "client used wrong authentication scheme: %s", r->uri);
        ap_note_auth_failure(r);
        return HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED;
    }

    while (*auth_line == ' ' || *auth_line == '\t') {
        auth_line++;
    }

    t = ap_pbase64decode(r->pool, auth_line);
    r->user = ap_getword_nulls (r->pool, &t, ':');
    r->ap_auth_type = "Basic";

    *pw = t;

    return OK;
}

struct content_length_ctx {
    int data_sent;  /* true if the C-L filter has already sent at
                     * least one bucket on to the next output filter
                     * for this request
                     */
    apr_bucket_brigade *tmpbb;
};

/* This filter computes the content length, but it also computes the number
 * of bytes sent to the client.  This means that this filter will always run
 * through all of the buckets in all brigades
 */
AP_CORE_DECLARE_NONSTD(apr_status_t) ap_content_length_filter(
    ap_filter_t *f,
    apr_bucket_brigade *b)
{
    request_rec *r = f->r;
    struct content_length_ctx *ctx;
    apr_bucket *e;
    int eos = 0;
    apr_read_type_e eblock = APR_NONBLOCK_READ;

    ctx = f->ctx;
    if (!ctx) {
        f->ctx = ctx = apr_palloc(r->pool, sizeof(*ctx));
        ctx->data_sent = 0;
        ctx->tmpbb = apr_brigade_create(r->pool, r->connection->bucket_alloc);
    }

    /* Loop through this set of buckets to compute their length
     */
    e = APR_BRIGADE_FIRST(b);
    while (e != APR_BRIGADE_SENTINEL(b)) {
        if (APR_BUCKET_IS_EOS(e)) {
            eos = 1;
            break;
        }
        if (e->length == (apr_size_t)-1) {
            apr_size_t len;
            const char *ignored;
            apr_status_t rv;

            /* This is probably a pipe bucket.  Send everything
             * prior to this, and then read the data for this bucket.
             */
            rv = apr_bucket_read(e, &ignored, &len, eblock);
            if (rv == APR_SUCCESS) {
                /* Attempt a nonblocking read next time through */
                eblock = APR_NONBLOCK_READ;
                r->bytes_sent += len;
            }
            else if (APR_STATUS_IS_EAGAIN(rv)) {
                /* Output everything prior to this bucket, and then
                 * do a blocking read on the next batch.
                 */
                if (e != APR_BRIGADE_FIRST(b)) {
                    apr_bucket *flush;
                    apr_brigade_split_ex(b, e, ctx->tmpbb);
                    flush = apr_bucket_flush_create(r->connection->bucket_alloc);

                    APR_BRIGADE_INSERT_TAIL(b, flush);
                    rv = ap_pass_brigade(f->next, b);
                    if (rv != APR_SUCCESS || f->c->aborted) {
                        return rv;
                    }
                    apr_brigade_cleanup(b);
                    APR_BRIGADE_CONCAT(b, ctx->tmpbb);
                    e = APR_BRIGADE_FIRST(b);

                    ctx->data_sent = 1;
                }
                eblock = APR_BLOCK_READ;
                continue;
            }
            else {
                ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_ERR, rv, r, APLOGNO(00574)
                              "ap_content_length_filter: "
                              "apr_bucket_read() failed");
                return rv;
            }
        }
        else {
            r->bytes_sent += e->length;
        }
        e = APR_BUCKET_NEXT(e);
    }

    /* If we've now seen the entire response and it's otherwise
     * okay to set the C-L in the response header, then do so now.
     *
     * We can only set a C-L in the response header if we haven't already
     * sent any buckets on to the next output filter for this request.
     */
    if (ctx->data_sent == 0 && eos &&
        /* don't whack the C-L if it has already been set for a HEAD
         * by something like proxy.  the brigade only has an EOS bucket
         * in this case, making r->bytes_sent zero.
         *
         * if r->bytes_sent > 0 we have a (temporary) body whose length may
         * have been changed by a filter.  the C-L header might not have been
         * updated so we do it here.  long term it would be cleaner to have
         * such filters update or remove the C-L header, and just use it
         * if present.
         */
        !(r->header_only && r->bytes_sent == 0 &&
            apr_table_get(r->headers_out, "Content-Length"))) {
        ap_set_content_length(r, r->bytes_sent);
    }

    ctx->data_sent = 1;
    return ap_pass_brigade(f->next, b);
}

/*
 * Send the body of a response to the client.
 */
AP_DECLARE(apr_status_t) ap_send_fd(apr_file_t *fd, request_rec *r,
                                    apr_off_t offset, apr_size_t len,
                                    apr_size_t *nbytes)
{
    conn_rec *c = r->connection;
    apr_bucket_brigade *bb = NULL;
    apr_status_t rv;

    bb = apr_brigade_create(r->pool, c->bucket_alloc);

    apr_brigade_insert_file(bb, fd, offset, len, r->pool);

    rv = ap_pass_brigade(r->output_filters, bb);
    if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
        *nbytes = 0; /* no way to tell how many were actually sent */
    }
    else {
        *nbytes = len;
    }

    return rv;
}

#if APR_HAS_MMAP
/* send data from an in-memory buffer */
AP_DECLARE(apr_size_t) ap_send_mmap(apr_mmap_t *mm,
                                    request_rec *r,
                                    apr_size_t offset,
                                    apr_size_t length)
{
    conn_rec *c = r->connection;
    apr_bucket_brigade *bb = NULL;
    apr_bucket *b;

    bb = apr_brigade_create(r->pool, c->bucket_alloc);
    b = apr_bucket_mmap_create(mm, offset, length, c->bucket_alloc);
    APR_BRIGADE_INSERT_TAIL(bb, b);
    ap_pass_brigade(r->output_filters, bb);

    return mm->size; /* XXX - change API to report apr_status_t? */
}
#endif /* APR_HAS_MMAP */

typedef struct {
    apr_bucket_brigade *bb;
    apr_bucket_brigade *tmpbb;
} old_write_filter_ctx;

AP_CORE_DECLARE_NONSTD(apr_status_t) ap_old_write_filter(
    ap_filter_t *f, apr_bucket_brigade *bb)
{
    old_write_filter_ctx *ctx = f->ctx;

    AP_DEBUG_ASSERT(ctx);

    if (ctx->bb != NULL) {
        /* whatever is coming down the pipe (we don't care), we
         * can simply insert our buffered data at the front and
         * pass the whole bundle down the chain.
         */
        APR_BRIGADE_PREPEND(bb, ctx->bb);
    }

    return ap_pass_brigade(f->next, bb);
}

static ap_filter_t *insert_old_write_filter(request_rec *r)
{
    ap_filter_t *f;
    old_write_filter_ctx *ctx;

    /* future optimization: record some flags in the request_rec to
     * say whether we've added our filter, and whether it is first.
     */

    /* this will typically exit on the first test */
    for (f = r->output_filters; f != NULL; f = f->next) {
        if (ap_old_write_func == f->frec)
            break;
    }

    if (f == NULL) {
        /* our filter hasn't been added yet */
        ctx = apr_pcalloc(r->pool, sizeof(*ctx));
        ctx->tmpbb = apr_brigade_create(r->pool, r->connection->bucket_alloc);

        ap_add_output_filter("OLD_WRITE", ctx, r, r->connection);
        f = r->output_filters;
    }

    return f;
}

static apr_status_t buffer_output(request_rec *r,
                                  const char *str, apr_size_t len)
{
    conn_rec *c = r->connection;
    ap_filter_t *f;
    old_write_filter_ctx *ctx;

    if (len == 0)
        return APR_SUCCESS;

    f = insert_old_write_filter(r);
    ctx = f->ctx;

    /* if the first filter is not our buffering filter, then we have to
     * deliver the content through the normal filter chain
     */
    if (f != r->output_filters) {
        apr_status_t rv;
        apr_bucket *b = apr_bucket_transient_create(str, len, c->bucket_alloc);
        APR_BRIGADE_INSERT_TAIL(ctx->tmpbb, b);

        rv = ap_pass_brigade(r->output_filters, ctx->tmpbb);
        apr_brigade_cleanup(ctx->tmpbb);
        return rv;
    }

    if (ctx->bb == NULL) {
        ctx->bb = apr_brigade_create(r->pool, c->bucket_alloc);
    }

    return ap_fwrite(f->next, ctx->bb, str, len);
}

AP_DECLARE(int) ap_rputc(int c, request_rec *r)
{
    char c2 = (char)c;

    if (r->connection->aborted) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (buffer_output(r, &c2, 1) != APR_SUCCESS)
        return -1;

    return c;
}

AP_DECLARE(int) ap_rwrite(const void *buf, int nbyte, request_rec *r)
{
    if (r->connection->aborted)
        return -1;

    if (buffer_output(r, buf, nbyte) != APR_SUCCESS)
        return -1;

    return nbyte;
}

struct ap_vrprintf_data {
    apr_vformatter_buff_t vbuff;
    request_rec *r;
    char *buff;
};

/* Flush callback for apr_vformatter; returns -1 on error. */
static int r_flush(apr_vformatter_buff_t *buff)
{
    /* callback function passed to ap_vformatter to be called when
     * vformatter needs to write into buff and buff.curpos > buff.endpos */

    /* ap_vrprintf_data passed as a apr_vformatter_buff_t, which is then
     * "downcast" to an ap_vrprintf_data */
    struct ap_vrprintf_data *vd = (struct ap_vrprintf_data*)buff;

    if (vd->r->connection->aborted)
        return -1;

    /* r_flush is called when vbuff is completely full */
    if (buffer_output(vd->r, vd->buff, AP_IOBUFSIZE)) {
        return -1;
    }

    /* reset the buffer position */
    vd->vbuff.curpos = vd->buff;
    vd->vbuff.endpos = vd->buff + AP_IOBUFSIZE;

    return 0;
}

AP_DECLARE(int) ap_vrprintf(request_rec *r, const char *fmt, va_list va)
{
    apr_size_t written;
    struct ap_vrprintf_data vd;
    char vrprintf_buf[AP_IOBUFSIZE];

    vd.vbuff.curpos = vrprintf_buf;
    vd.vbuff.endpos = vrprintf_buf + AP_IOBUFSIZE;
    vd.r = r;
    vd.buff = vrprintf_buf;

    if (r->connection->aborted)
        return -1;

    written = apr_vformatter(r_flush, &vd.vbuff, fmt, va);

    if (written != -1) {
        int n = vd.vbuff.curpos - vrprintf_buf;

        /* last call to buffer_output, to finish clearing the buffer */
        if (buffer_output(r, vrprintf_buf,n) != APR_SUCCESS)
            return -1;

        written += n;
    }

    return written;
}

AP_DECLARE_NONSTD(int) ap_rprintf(request_rec *r, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    va_list va;
    int n;

    if (r->connection->aborted)
        return -1;

    va_start(va, fmt);
    n = ap_vrprintf(r, fmt, va);
    va_end(va);

    return n;
}

AP_DECLARE_NONSTD(int) ap_rvputs(request_rec *r, ...)
{
    va_list va;
    const char *s;
    apr_size_t len;
    apr_size_t written = 0;

    if (r->connection->aborted)
        return -1;

    /* ### TODO: if the total output is large, put all the strings
     * ### into a single brigade, rather than flushing each time we
     * ### fill the buffer
     */
    va_start(va, r);
    while (1) {
        s = va_arg(va, const char *);
        if (s == NULL)
            break;

        len = strlen(s);
        if (buffer_output(r, s, len) != APR_SUCCESS) {
            return -1;
        }

        written += len;
    }
    va_end(va);

    return written;
}

AP_DECLARE(int) ap_rflush(request_rec *r)
{
    conn_rec *c = r->connection;
    apr_bucket *b;
    ap_filter_t *f;
    old_write_filter_ctx *ctx;
    apr_status_t rv;

    f = insert_old_write_filter(r);
    ctx = f->ctx;

    b = apr_bucket_flush_create(c->bucket_alloc);
    APR_BRIGADE_INSERT_TAIL(ctx->tmpbb, b);

    rv = ap_pass_brigade(r->output_filters, ctx->tmpbb);
    apr_brigade_cleanup(ctx->tmpbb);
    if (rv != APR_SUCCESS)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}

/*
 * This function sets the Last-Modified output header field to the value
 * of the mtime field in the request structure - rationalized to keep it from
 * being in the future.
 */
AP_DECLARE(void) ap_set_last_modified(request_rec *r)
{
    if (!r->assbackwards) {
        apr_time_t mod_time = ap_rationalize_mtime(r, r->mtime);
        char *datestr = apr_palloc(r->pool, APR_RFC822_DATE_LEN);

        apr_rfc822_date(datestr, mod_time);
        apr_table_setn(r->headers_out, "Last-Modified", datestr);
    }
}

typedef struct hdr_ptr {
    ap_filter_t *f;
    apr_bucket_brigade *bb;
} hdr_ptr;
static int send_header(void *data, const char *key, const char *val)
{
    ap_fputstrs(((hdr_ptr*)data)->f, ((hdr_ptr*)data)->bb,
                key, ": ", val, CRLF, NULL);
    return 1;
}
AP_DECLARE(void) ap_send_interim_response(request_rec *r, int send_headers)
{
    hdr_ptr x;
    char *status_line = NULL;
    request_rec *rr;

    if (r->proto_num < HTTP_VERSION(1,1)) {
        /* don't send interim response to HTTP/1.0 Client */
        return;
    }
    if (!ap_is_HTTP_INFO(r->status)) {
        ap_log_rerror(APLOG_MARK, APLOG_DEBUG, 0, r, APLOGNO(00575)
                      "Status is %d - not sending interim response", r->status);
        return;
    }
    if ((r->status == HTTP_CONTINUE) && !r->expecting_100) {
        /*
         * Don't send 100-Continue when there was no Expect: 100-continue
         * in the request headers. For origin servers this is a SHOULD NOT
         * for proxies it is a MUST NOT according to RFC 2616 8.2.3
         */
        return;
    }

    /* if we send an interim response, we're no longer in a state of
     * expecting one.  Also, this could feasibly be in a subrequest,
     * so we need to propagate the fact that we responded.
     */
    for (rr = r; rr != NULL; rr = rr->main) {
        rr->expecting_100 = 0;
    }

    status_line = apr_pstrcat(r->pool, AP_SERVER_PROTOCOL, " ", r->status_line, CRLF, NULL);
    ap_xlate_proto_to_ascii(status_line, strlen(status_line));

    x.f = r->connection->output_filters;
    x.bb = apr_brigade_create(r->pool, r->connection->bucket_alloc);

    ap_fputs(x.f, x.bb, status_line);
    if (send_headers) {
        apr_table_do(send_header, &x, r->headers_out, NULL);
        apr_table_clear(r->headers_out);
    }
    ap_fputs(x.f, x.bb, CRLF_ASCII);
    ap_fflush(x.f, x.bb);
    apr_brigade_destroy(x.bb);
}


AP_IMPLEMENT_HOOK_VOID(pre_read_request,
                       (request_rec *r, conn_rec *c),
                       (r, c))
AP_IMPLEMENT_HOOK_RUN_ALL(int,post_read_request,
                          (request_rec *r), (r), OK, DECLINED)
AP_IMPLEMENT_HOOK_RUN_ALL(int,log_transaction,
                          (request_rec *r), (r), OK, DECLINED)
AP_IMPLEMENT_HOOK_RUN_FIRST(const char *,http_scheme,
                            (const request_rec *r), (r), NULL)
AP_IMPLEMENT_HOOK_RUN_FIRST(unsigned short,default_port,
                            (const request_rec *r), (r), 0)
AP_IMPLEMENT_HOOK_RUN_FIRST(int, note_auth_failure,
                            (request_rec *r, const char *auth_type),
                            (r, auth_type), DECLINED)
